First make sure the followings....
1. .NET Framework 3.5
2. Windows Remote Management 2.0
3. Windows PowerShell v2
4. Net. TCP Services started and set automatic (services.msc)
5. Disable TCP/IP6 from Registry (in case of use tcp/ip4)
6. 2007 Office System Converter (optional)
7. IIS for Client Access Role
Now the next step....
1. Bring the Exchange organization to Exchange Native Mode
2. Upgrade all Exchange Servers to Exchange Server 2003 Service Pack 2
3. Upgrade at least one Global Catalog domain controller in each AD site that will house Exchange Server
4. Prepare ur windows Server for the first Exchange 2010 server
5. Install the AD LDIFDE tools on the new Exchange 2010 server (For upgrading schema)
6. Run DriveLetter:Exchange2010Setup /PrepareAD /OrganizationName:your_organisation_name from command prompt where DriveLetter is the CD/ DVD ROM
7. Install any necessary prerequisites (like WWW for CAS server role)
8. Run setup on the Exchange 2010 server, upgrade the schema, and prepare the forest and domains.
9. Install Client Access Server role servers and configure per 2010 design
10. Transfer OWA, ActiveSync, and Outlook Anywhere traffic to new CAS servers
11. Install Hub Transport role and configure per 2010 design
12.Transfer inbound and outbound mail traffic to HT servers
13. Install mailbox servers and configure Databases
14. Create public folder replicas on Exchange 2010 servers using Exchange 2010 Public Folder tool
15. Move mailboxes to Exchange Server 2010 using Move Mailbox Wizard or PowerShell
16. Making re-home the Offline Address Book generation server to Exchange Server 2010
17. Making Re-home the public folder hierarchy on the new Exchange Server 2010 i.e. admin group
18. Transfer all Public Folder Replicas to Exchange Server 2010 Public folder
19. Review and verify Installation log, events, Exchange related Windows services, server roles
20. Test Mail Flow, public folder, webmail, outlook configuration
21. Run BPA
22. Delete Public and Private Information Stores from Exchange 2003 server
23. Delete Routing Group Connectors to Exchange Server 2003
24. Delete Recipient Update Service agreements using ADSIEdit.
25. Uninstall all Exchange 2003 servers and remove from domain
Remember, before doing anything it is a good practice to take backup and keep it in a safe place. It is better to do it on a Test computer, and after successful, go for final preparation. For more Information, please <a href="http://milindn.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/rapid-transition-guide-from-exchange-2003-to-exchange-2010.pdf">Link</a> here